Here's an article from the Atlantic Monthly in which the author, a History Professor, describes the Confederacy as a racist & oppressive Autocratic State:
Americans are now debating the fate of memorials to the Confederacy—statues, flags, and names on Army bases, streets, schools, and college dormitories. A century and a half of propaganda has successfully obscured the nature of the Confederate cause and its bloody history, wrapping it in myth. But the Confederacy is not part of “our American heritage,” as President Donald Trump recently claimed, nor should it stand as a libertarian symbol of small government and resistance to federal tyranny. For the four years of its existence, until it was forced to surrender, the Confederate States of America was a pro-slavery nation at war against the United States. The C.S.A. was a big, centralized state, devoted to securing a society in which enslavement to white people was the permanent and inherited condition of all people of African descent.
...thing is, oppressive compared to what? The 21st Century? Or other world states of that time - the 19th century?
Was the South any less democratic than many European countries which practised serfdom & had widespread poverty? Was the North a democratic society which granted rights to all its citizens? Were women granted the right to vote in the North? Or own property with ease there? Were they free from discrimination in the workforce?
The key error of this author is she judges the Confederacy with the context of the present not the past. While certainly not a Paradise, the South was probably no worse than many nations in the 19th century. Life was just as dismal for the average European and certainly worse in nations like Japan or China during that period. As imperfect as the South may have been, at least many of its White citizens could vote in a multiparty system. Contrast this with Europe, where there was no democracy at all in most of those nations. Plus the European Empires which condemned the South for its slavery practices had their own - colonialism. So England and France were so hard on the Confederacy without realizing or admitting that they were doing the same thing. Just not within their own borders but in their colonies.
Even in England, which was the most advanced European nation at that time, living conditions for most of its citizens were horrid if the 19th century writings of Charles Dickens are any indication.